Strengthening Internal Quality Assurance through Digital Transformation: Evidence from Higher Education Institutions

Abstract

Digital transformation has increasingly become an important strategy for strengthening internal quality assurance (IQA) in higher education. However, its implementation requires more than the digitization of institutional documents, as it involves changes in organizational processes, human capabilities, leadership, and quality culture. This study examines the gradual implementation of digital transformation in internal quality assurance at Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Tuban (ITB Tuban), with particular attention to accreditation documentation and Internal Quality Audit (AMI) processes. A qualitative case study design was employed, using semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observation to examine digital documentation practices, changes in quality assurance processes, organizational benefits, and implementation challenges. The findings indicate that digital transformation has improved the organization, accessibility, traceability, and coordination of accreditation and AMI documentation. Digitalization has also contributed to a more systematic management of quality evidence and supported more efficient preparation and monitoring of quality assurance activities. Nevertheless, the transformation remains gradual, with challenges related to differences in digital competence, inconsistent documentation practices, limited process integration, and the need for stronger institutional coordination. The study demonstrates that digital transformation can strengthen IQA when technology is aligned with institutional objectives, human capabilities, leadership, and quality processes. The findings highlight the importance of developing standardized digital quality systems and progressively integrating quality data to support evidence-based decision-making and continuous institutional improvement.